Theories Of Personality Development

Theories of personality development:

Stages of development	Psycho sexual development SIGMUND FREUD	Psychosocial development Erik Erikson’s	Moral development Kohlberg's	Spiritual development FOWLER'S	Cognitive development PIAGET’S
Infant (0-1yrs)	Oral phase	Trust vs mistrust	Level-1: Preconventional morality=(0-7yrs) stage-0: (0-2yrs)=egocentric stage-1: ( 2-3yrs) = punishment -obedience orientation stage -2: (4-7yrs)=instrumental hedonism and concrete reciprocity	Stage 0 – "Primal or Undifferentiated" faith (birth to 2 years),	Sensorimotor stage (Birth to 2yrs). 1.Simple Reflexes (Birth-6 weeks) 2.First habits and primary circular reactions phase (6weeks to 4months) 3.Secondary circular reactions phase (4-8months) 4.Coordination of secondary circular reactions stages (8-12months) or imitation 5.Tertiary circular reactions, novelty, and curiosity (12-18months) 6.Internalization of Schemas or invention of new meaning (18-24months) Object permanency, separation and symbols are important task to achive this stage.
Toddler (2-3 yrs)	Anal phase	Autonomy vs. shame and doubt			Preoperational stage  (3 to 7 yrs) The Symbolic Function Sub stage (2-4yrs) The Intuitive Thought Sub stage(4-7 yrs)
Preschooler (3-6 yrs)	Phallic phase	Initiative vs. guilt		Stage 1 – "Intuitive-Projective" faith
School age (6-12 yrs)	Latency phase	Industry vs. inferiority	Level-II: conventional morality=(7-12yrs) Stage-3: (7-10yrs) =orientation to interpersonal relations of mutuality Stage-4: (10-12 yrs)=maintenance of social orders, fixed rules and authority	Stage 2 – "Mythic-Literal" faith	Concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 11 yrs). ¨  Seriation. ¨  Transitivity ¨  Classification ¨  Decentering ¨  Reversibility ¨  Conservation Elimination of Egocentrism
Adolescence (12-18yrs) Early Adolescent(12-14yrs) Middle Adolescent (14-16yrs) Late adolescent (16-18yrs)	Genital phase	Identity vs. role confusion	Level-III: post conventional morality= (12-18yrs) Stage-5A: (12-14yrs)=contract, utilitarian law making Stage-5B: (14-16yrs) = higher law. Conscience orientation Stage-6: (16-18yrs)= universal ethical principal orientation	Stage 3 – "Synthetic-Conventional" faith	Formal operational stage (beginning at ages 11 to 15yrs).